A steel road bridge dating from the early 20th century spans the Elbe in Roudnice nad Labem.

Roudnice nad Labem features a castle of late Romanesque origin, now reconstructed in Baroque style.

Roudnice nad Labem consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):[2] The initial names Rúdnik and Rúdnica probably come from the iron water of a nearby spring (ruda = 'ore').

The market settlement quickly became economically important due to its location on the Lusatian road, and in the 13th century, it received town status.

[3] In the 19th century, Roudnice nad Labem became the industrial and economical centre of the Podřipský region, due to several new factories and the railway from Prague to Dresden.

[8] The first football match in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and in the Czech lands took place on the islet in the middle of the Elbe, located within the town limits, in 1887 (in 1892, according to some sources).

Roudnice airport is located near the southwestern edge of the town and hosts the Memorial Air Show every other year.

[5] In 1652, their son, Václav Eusebius, embarked upon an ambitious project to transform the castle into an early Baroque palace.

Václav Eusebius of Lobkowicz hired two Italian architects, Francesco Caratti and Antonio della Porta, to completely renovate Roudnice Castle.

Between 1652 and 1684, they demolished most of the original structure, creating a 200-room baroque residence that included a clock tower, a chapel decorated with elaborate frescoes, a theatre, and large formal gardens.

For two and a half centuries Roudnice served as a repository for the Lobkowicz family's collections of artwork, religious objects, musical instruments, and books and manuscripts.

[5] The castle was confiscated by the Communist government in 1948; the Czechoslovak People's Army used the building for the Vít Nejedlý military music school, as well as for administrative offices.