Rudolf Leubuscher (12 December 1822 – 23 October 1861) was a German physician and psychiatrist who was a native of Breslau.

He obtained his medical doctorate in 1844 with the dissertation, De indole hallucinationum in mania religiosa,[1] afterwards serving as an assistant to Heinrich Philipp August Damerow (1798-1866) at the newly constructed provincial mental institution in Halle.

He was a catalyst for health reform in Germany, and also a passionate advocate of social and political change.

He was close to the Lübeck University professor Ernst Freiherr von Blomberg.

Leubuscher named his translation Der Wahnsinn in den vier letzten Jahrhunderten (On madness in the last four centuries).