São Tomé and Príncipe competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, which was held from 13 to 29 August 2004.

Fonseca was also notable for becoming the youngest ever athlete to represent São Tomé and Príncipe at the Summer Olympics, aged 16 years and 92 days.

[1] No São Tomé and Príncipe athlete had ever won a medal at the Summer Olympics before the 2004 Athens Games.

[2] The two athletes that were selected to compete in the Athens games were Yazaldes Nascimento in the Men's 100 meters and Fumilay Fonseca in the Women's 20 kilometers walk.

[4] Making his Summer Olympics debut, Yazaldes Nascimento qualified for the 2004 Athens Games as a wildcard, without competing in any notable sporting event.

[8] Competing at her first Summer Olympics, Fumilay Fonseca was notable for carrying the São Tomé and Príncipe flag at the opening ceremony and for becoming the youngest person to represent the nation aged 16 years and 92 days, a record that still stands today.