Saccharopolyspora spinosa is a species of actinobacterium first isolated from soil in a rum still in an abandoned sugar mill on the Virgin Islands.

It was discovered and described by researchers Mertz and Yao while collecting specimens to be screened for novel antibiotics.

Saccharopolyspora spinosa is the source of a family of insecticidal compounds called spinosyns.

They act as neurotoxins by activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in insects.

The insecticide Spinetoram is composed of two synthetic derivatives of spinosyns.