Samuel Oppenheim (19 November 1857 in Braunsberg – 15 August 1928 in Vienna) was an Austrian astronomer.
In 1875, Oppenheim began to study mathematics, physics and astronomy in Vienna.
After working as a teacher in Prague, he was Professor ordinarius for astronomy at the University of Vienna.
Oppenheim's field of research was mainly in the field of celestial mechanics (for example he wrote works on comets, Gravitation, Precession, Kinematics and statistics of stars etc.).
He was co-editor of the Astronomy section of Enzyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften.