San Lorenzo in Vineis (Italian: San Lorenzo delle Vigne) is an octagonal layout, Renaissance style, Roman Catholic church, standing alongside a closed adjacent monastery building, located off SR71, adjacent to the Cimiterio Comunale, west of the plateau comprising the historic center of Orvieto, region of Umbria, Italy.

In 1354, Orvieto, Viterbo, Narni, and nearby towns were under the Ghibelline lord Giovanni di Vico, who was frequently battling with the Papal forces.

[3] A fresco of the Madonna and Child, painted in 1356, putatively was rediscovered in 1556 in the ruins, and this spurred veneration of the image, and thus the Commune commissioned Raffaello da Montelupo to design and build starting in 1557 the present church to house the icon and an adjacent convent, this time a male Franciscan monastery.

Construction was patronized by Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli and also by the archbishop of Santa Severina, and governor of Orvieto, Giovanni Battista Orsini.

[4] The octagonal dome structure and square layout resemble the architecture of Tempio del Santissimo Crocifisso in Todi; although that building was begun in 1588, some attribute its design to Bramante died in 1516.