In 1091 the islet, which was under the control of the noble Mozzi family, was donated to the Cluniac monastery of San Paolo d'Argon, which established a priory there.
A document dated 1685 attributed to Father Fulgenzio Rinaldi mentions: This site is extremely salubrious… delightful, the convent comfortable and large and well-arranged which in terms of beauty can compete with quite a few in this province… It contains vegetable gardens and gardens sufficient for the enjoyment of every vegetable and to the recreation of flowers... various fruit trees; of lemons and oranges is the site.
[1] San Paolo was purchased in 1916 by the Beretta family, owners of the world's oldest active firearm manufacturing company, and is still owned by them.
[3] San Paolo Island, along with Monte Isola, was incorporated in Christo's art project The Floating Piers.
Between June 18 and July 3, 2016, visitors were able to walk on floating polythene cubes covered in saffron colored fabric from the village of Sulzano to San Paolo and Monte Isola.