The species is indigenous to Bermuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, the Virgin Islands, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico; the US state of Florida;[2] and the Mexican states of Guerrero, Acapulco, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, and Yucatan.

[3] It has been introduced accidentally along with its host tree in various tropical regions, including French Guiana, Senegal, and Réunion.

[4] Scleroderma bermudense is limited to the dune ecosystem of sandy beaches beneath its mycorrhizal host.

[4] It has been found to alleviate salt uptake in seagrape seedlings,[5] thus facilitating the tree's ability to live on coastal beaches.

[3] Scleroderma bermudense has been proposed for Endangered status under criteria A3c because its habitat is subject to sea level rise.