Sediment traps are instruments used in oceanography and limnology to measure the quantity of sinking particulate organic (and inorganic) material in aquatic systems, usually oceans, lakes, or reservoirs.
[1] Sediments traps normally consist of an upward-facing funnel that directs sinking particulate matter (e.g. marine snow) towards a mechanism for collection and preservation.
Typically, traps operate over an extended period of time (weeks to months) and their collection mechanisms may consist of a series of sampling vessels that are cycled through to allow the trap to record the changes in sinking flux with time (for instance, across a seasonal cycle).
Preservation of collected material is necessary because of these long deployments, and prevents sample decomposition and its consumption by zooplankton "swimmers".
Lagrangian traps must surface at a predetermined time, and report their position (usually via satellite) in order to be recovered.