The Dixie chub (Semotilus thoreauianus) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the carp and minnow family Cyprinidae.

In the breeding season the males develop four large, hooked tubercles on either side of the head, with those nearest the nares frequently becoming fused.

Compared to S. atromaculatus the Dixie chub has a smaller number of head tubercles on its gill covers and caudal fin.

These are constructed in the flowing stretches near pools which have a suitable refuge for the male to escape to, e.g. an undercut bank.

The generic name Semotilus means "spotted banner" and refers to the dorsal fin while the specific name thoreauianus was given to honor of Henry David Thoreau.