According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Shiloh Township has a total area of 58.23 square miles (150.82 km2), all land.

As of the 2020 census[1] there were 157 people, 44 households, and 34 families residing in the township.

There were 70 housing units at an average density of 1.20 per square mile (0.46/km2).

The racial makeup of the township was 94.90% White, 0.00% African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.64% from other races, and 3.82% from two or more races.

22.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.