The Shinano Railway Co., Ltd. (しなの鉄道株式会社, Shinano Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway operating company established in 1996 to operate passenger railway services on the section of the JR East Shin'etsu Main Line within Nagano Prefecture when it was separated from the JR East network in October 1997, coinciding with the opening of the Nagano Shinkansen (Hokuriku Shinkansen) from Takasaki to Nagano.

[1] Shares in the company are owned by Nagano Prefecture, the cities of Nagano, Ueda, Komoro, Chikuma, Saku, and Tōmi, the towns of Karuizawa, Miyota, Sakaki, Shinano, and Iizuna, and private-sector businesses.

[1] On October 1, 1997, the company took over control of local passenger operations on the 65.1 km section of the JR East Shin'etsu Main Line between Karuizawa and Shinonoi.

This section is called the Shinano Railway Line.

From March 14, 2015, the company took over control of local passenger operations on the 37.3 km section of the JR East Shin'etsu Main Line between Nagano and Myōkō-Kōgen.