The Shire of Nathalia was a local government area on the Murray River in the Goulburn Valley region, about 220 kilometres (137 mi) north of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.

The shire covered an area of 1,238.97 square kilometres (478.4 sq mi), and existed from 1879 until 1994.

Nathalia was once part of the vast Echuca Road District, which was formed in 1864 and became a shire from 1871.

On 30 May 1892, Numurkah annexed the Moira Ward of Echuca, setting the shire's southwestern boundary at the Goulburn River.

[4] Nathalia was divided into four ridings on 30 May 1957, each of which elected three councillors: * Council seat.