The Shire of Rodney was a local government area in the Goulburn Valley region, about 170 kilometres (106 mi) north of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia, located between Kyabram and Shepparton.

The shire covered an area of 1,009.92 square kilometres (389.9 sq mi), and existed from 1886 until 1994.

Rodney was initially part of the Waranga Road District, which was incorporated in 1863, and became a shire two years later.

[2] Following the secession of the Town of Kyabram on 1 April 1954, the eastern part of the shire, adjoining Shepparton and centered on Mooroopna (which had become home to the Ardmona fruit cannery in 1922), unsuccessfully attempted to secede from Rodney, a move driven by the town's Chamber of Commerce.

The Kyabram hinterland and some land around Lake Waranga were transferred to the newly created Shire of Campaspe.