The massif is formed mainly from Palaeogene limestone and, on its southern edge, an overlying coarse sandstone of the Miocene age which is largely made up of conglomeratic rock.

[2] The area is sparsely populated with a number of abandoned villages within its interior.

The villages of Alquézar and Rodellar have been reinvigorated in recent years by tourist development.

The area has become known in recent years for its considerable opportunities for canyoning due to its many gorges.

Rock climbing and caving are also popular activities whilst others enjoy walking and wildlife-watching.