Sigmund Olaf Plytt Mowinckel (4 August 1884 – 4 June 1965) was a Norwegian professor, theologian and biblical scholar.

[7] Mowinckels main contribution to biblical scholarship is his work on The Psalms of the Old Testament and his study of Messianic ideas in Judaism.

In broad terms, Gunkel strongly advocated a view of the Psalms which focused on the two notable names for God occurring therein: Yahweh (JHWH sometimes called tetragrammaton) and Elohim.

[15] The kings were associated with divinity, but Mowinckel does not support the view that they were an incarnation of the deity, or that they represented a suffering, dying and rising god.

Mowinckel accepts the common understanding of the servant songs, according to tradition, as signifying atonement and vicarious suffering.

[16] The suffering servant is therefore, according to Mowinckel, something else than a Messiah, he is a «mediator of salvation»[17] The Son of Man, on the other hand, is an eschatological figure,[17] influenced by Messianic ideas.

However, Mowinckel disagrees with other scholars, such as Joachim Jeremias, that the Son of Man represents an atoning suffering and death.

Despite expressing criticism toward several aspects of Mowinckels work on this subject, several reviewers [15][16][17] found his treatment of Messianic ideas to be a solid contribution to Old Testament Scholarship.

NOTE [*]: SNVAO signifies the Norwegian publisher/publications Skrifter utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, II.

Klasse NOTE [**] ANVAO signifies the Norwegian publisher/publications Avhandliger utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo.