Somatic genome processing

However, there are cases of genome being altered in specific cells or in different life cycle stages during development.

In the beginning phase, pro-erythroblast goes through another mitotic divisions, in which an erythroblast with a smaller nucleus is created and moved to the side of the cell.

This process was found to occur during the early developmental stage in three groups: nematodes, copepods, and hagfish[2] One of the first studies regarding somatic genome processing was observed by Boveri large-scale chromatin elimination in parasitic nematode Parascaris univalens.

As a result of chromatin diminution P. univalens loses about 80–90% of the total nuclear germ line DNA.

During this process chromosomes are fragmented, chromatin eliminated and new DNA molecules with added telomeres are created.

In the Spirotrichea class, to which Oxytricha belongs, protein-coding DNA fragments in a micronucleus are located in permuted order.

First some parts, including IESs, of micronuclear DNA are removed to give transcriptionally active genome in macronucleus.

Eventually, exon with open reading frame coding segments: VH, DH, JH of immunoglobulin.