[4] It is spoken in a number of oases of southwestern Algeria and across the border in Morocco.

[5] Of these towns, the only one whose dialect has been studied in any detail is Figuig (Kossmann 1997).

[6] A cursory study of the northern dialects, including texts and vocabulary, is Basset (1885,[7] 1886[8]) while a sketch grammar of its southernmost member, Igli, is provided by Kossmann (2010).

[9] El Idrissi (2017[10]) focuses mainly on phonetic variation among the different villages.

The preverbal negator is ul (locally un, il); the postverbal negator is ša (Igli, Mazzer) / šay (Figuig, Iche, Moghrar) / iš (Boussemghoun, Ain Chair), with both the latter two appearing as allomorphs in Tiout.