The products cater to a vast range of therapeutic segments covering  psychiatry, anti-infectives, neurology, cardiology, diabetology, gastroenterology, ophthalmology, nephrology, urology, dermatology, gynecology, respiratory, oncology, dental and nutritionals.

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. was established by Dilip Shanghvi in 1983 in Calcutta, West Bengal with five psychiatry products and a two-person marketing team.

Today it is ranked number one in share of prescriptions with 12 classes of doctors in India and a market leader in Psychiatry, Neurology, Cardiology, Orthopaedics, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Diabetology, Dermatology, Urology, ENT, Chest and Consulting Physicians.

In the United States, the company markets a large basket of generics, with a strong pipeline awaiting approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

In March 2015, Sun Pharma announced it had agreed to buy GlaxoSmithKline's opiates business in Australia to strengthen its pain management portfolio.

The following year Sun Pharma made some significant acquisitions, including 14 prescription brands from Novartis in Japan to enter the Japanese market.

While many global pharmaceutical companies reduced or ceased their activities in Russia, Sun Pharma maintained its business presence, raising ethical concerns about corporate responsibility during geopolitical conflicts.

Critics argue that by remaining in the Russian market, the company indirectly supports the local economy, contradicting broader efforts to isolate Russia financially.