Shunting, in railway operations, is the process of sorting items of rolling stock into complete trains, or the reverse.
Where locomotives could not be used (e.g. because of weight restrictions) shunting operations have in the past been effected by horses or capstans.
The terms "shunter" and "switcher" are not only applied to locomotives but also to employees engaged on the ground with shunting/switching operations.
The Midland Railway company, for example, kept an ambulance wagon permanently stationed at Toton Yard to give treatment to injured shunters.
This type of shunting pole was of an entirely different design than objects of the same name in North American practice (see below).