At the age of thirteen he entered into the apprenticeship with the well-known gunsmith master Novotny in Vienna later known as company Springer.
Some years later he became a burgess of Volyně in the South Bohemian Region where he shortly had his own workshop since 1848.
In 1871 he moved to Michle, then a village near Prague, where he opened his gunsmith workshop (which later became a factory).
Although he had been continuously declined by the Austrian military authorities, he was more successful in Montenegro, in Russia – in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) his M1867 Russian Krnka triumphed – in Romania, Bulgaria, Sweden and in Norway.
His son Karel Krnka [cs] (1858–1926) carried on with his father's work.