Tavullia borders the following municipalities: Gradara, Mondaino, Montecalvo in Foglia, Montegridolfo, Montelabbate, Pesaro, Saludecio, San Giovanni in Marignano, Vallefoglia.

The area of Tavullia was likely inhabited before the Middle Ages, though the first mentioned settlement is a castle situated on the slopes of Monte Peloso, the "Castrum Montis Pilos Tumbao".

It was the location of violent clashes between the Malatesta family (Guelphs who ruled over the city of Rimini) and that of Montefeltro (Ghibellines).

The largest battle was fought in 1443 at Monteluro: the Sforza intervention in favor of the Malatesta led to their victory.

The territory was always littered with castles, many of which are now disappeared: that of Monteluro was subject of numerous battles for its strategic importance and now only a few ruins remain.