[1][2] The temple was built by the consul Marcus Fulvius Nobilior, who conquered the Macedonian city of Ambracia in 189 BC.
[4] He donated the copies of the fasti and statues he had taken from Ambracia, including a statue group of the Muses,[4] after which the temple became known as Hercules Musarum, a calque of the Greek Hercules Musagetes (Ηρακλής Μουσαγέτης, Hēraklḗs Mousagétēs), Hercules as leader of the Muses.
The temple later became the home of the Roman poets' guild (collegium poetarum).
[5] The Portico of Octavius (Porticus Octavia) was later built around the temple.
The temple has not survived but part of its floorplan is known from Fragment 33 of the 3rd century Forma Urbis Romae.