[5] His predecessor was Abdashtart I (in Greek, Straton I),[6] the son of Baalshillem II Soon after the failure of the Egyptian campaign of the Achaemenid ruler Artaxerxes III, the Phoenicians declared their independence from Persian rule.

[7] Both satraps suffered crushing defeats at the hands of Tennes, who was aided by 4,000 Greek mercenaries sent to him by Nectanebo II and commanded by Mentor of Rhodes.

Artaxerxes' army comprised 300,000 foot soldiers, 30,000 cavalry, 300 triremes, and 500 transports or provision ships.

[9] Artaxerxes sold the ruins at a high price to speculators, who calculated on reimbursing themselves by the treasures which they hoped to dig out from among the ashes.

[2][11] Artaxerxes later sent Jews who supported the revolt to Hyrcania, on the south coast of the Caspian Sea.