Textile design
[4] Textile design requires an understanding of the technical aspects of the production process, as well as the properties of numerous fibers, yarns, and dyes.
[7] There are numerous established printed styles and designs that can be broken down into four major categories: floral, geometric, world cultures, and conversational.
[14]Designs within the context of weaving are created using various types of yarns, using variance in texture, size, and color to construct a stylized patterned or monochromatic fabric.
There is a large range of yarn types available to the designer, including but not limited to cotton, twill, linen, and synthetic fibers.
The most common process is a plain weave, in which the yarns interlace in an alternating, tight formation, producing a strong and flexible multi-use fabric.
Twill weaves, which are also common, alternatively use diagonal lines created by floating the warp or the weft to the left or the right.
Typically, designers choose two or more contrasting colors that will be woven into patterns based on a chosen threading sequence.
[18] Mixed media textile designs are produced using embroidery or other various fabric manipulation processes such as pleating, appliqué, quilting, and laser cutting.
[19] Embroidery is traditionally performed by hand, applying myriad stitches of thread to construct designs and patterns on the textile surface.
Although industrial and mechanized embroidery has become the standard, hand stitching still remains a fixture for fine arts textiles.
[23] Predominantly, these environmental impacts stem from the heavy use of hazardous chemicals involved in the textile creation process which must be properly disposed of.
[25] The existence and awareness of the negative environmental impacts of textile production has resulted in the emergence new technologies and practices.
However, some of the oldest known and preserved examples of textiles were discovered in the form of nets and basketry, dating from Neolithic cultures in 5000 BCE.
When trade networks formed in European countries, textiles like silk, wool, cotton, and flax fibers became valuable commodities.
The designs are similar to present-day Anatolian and Persian rugs that apply the directly proportional Ghiordes knot in their weaving.
