Theodor von Brand (born September 22, 1899, in Ortenberg, Baden-Württemberg; died July 19, 1978, in Bethesda, Maryland), full name Theodor Kurt Freiherr von Brand zu Neidstein, was a German American parasitologist.
He was an assistant of Ernst Weinland at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg and went to the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine in 1929.
Because of his views opposing the National-Socialist-Party and due to maternal Jewish descent, he was forced to leave the institute in 1933 and went to Copenhagen.
He was among the first scientists making biochemical experiments with parasites at the Johns Hopkins University.
His son Theodor P. von Brand (1926–2004) became a renowned administrative law judge in the USA.