Therapeutic effect refers to the response(s) after a treatment of any kind, the results of which are judged to be useful or favorable.
[1][2][3] This is true whether the result was expected, unexpected, or even an unintended consequence.
An adverse effect (including nocebo) is the converse and refers to harmful or undesired response(s).
[2] To maximize therapeutic effects (desired) and minimize side effects (undesired) requires recognition and quantification of the treatment in multiple dimensions.
In the specific case of targeted pharmaceutical interventions, a combination of therapies is often needed to achieve the desired results.