Thermal hydraulics

The area can be mainly divided into three parts: thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer, but they are often closely linked to each other.

A common example is steam generation in power plants and the associated energy transfer to mechanical motion and the change of states of the water while undergoing this process.

Thermal-hydraulics analysis can determine important parameters for reactor design such as plant efficiency and coolability of the system.

Therefore, to evaluate in equal proportions of enhancement in heat transfer (Nu) and friction factor (f) in the thermal systems a new parameter has been proposed and introduced by present article first author, which is more realistic and it is named as Thermo-hydraulic Improvement Parameter (THIP), and it can be evaluated as the ratio of (NNIF) to (FFIF) [Sahu et al.].

For steady-state and static case, the heat equation can be written as where Fourier’s law of conduction is applied.

[6] Heat transfer coefficient due to nucleate boiling increases with wall superheat until they reach a certain point.

The reduced heat transfer coefficient seen in post-DNB or post-dryout is likely to result in damaging of the boiling surface.

Understanding of the exact point and triggering mechanism related to critical heat flux is a topic of interest.

For DNB type of boiling crisis, the flow is characterized by creeping vapor fluid between liquid and the wall.