Thomas A. Anderson (July 12, 1841 – September 8, 1912) was a United States soldier and native of Pennsylvania who fought with the Union Army as a corporal in Company I of the 1st West Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War.

[3] On November 18, 1861, at the age of 20, Thomas A. Anderson enrolled for military service at Wheeling, West Virginia.

[6] After emerging from winter quarters in 1864, Anderson and his fellow 1st West Virginia Cavalrymen fought in the battles of Cove Mountain (May 10), Lynchburg (June 17–18) and Rutherford's Farm (July 20) before becoming deeper involved in that year's Valley Campaigns, which included the Second Battle of Kernstown (July 24), and the battles of Moorefield (August 7), Opequon (September 19), Fisher's Hill (September 21–22), Cedar Creek (October 19), and Waynesboro (March 2, 1865) under Major-General Philip H.

While fighting as a corporal with the 1st West Virginia Cavalry in the Battle of Appomattox Station on April 8, he captured the flag of a Confederate States Army regiment.

[11] By 1900, Anderson and his son, Abram, were farming their family's land in West Bethlehem Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania.

Citation:[16][17] The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Corporal Thomas Anderson, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on April 8, 1865, while serving with Company I, 1st West Virginia Cavalry, in action at Appomattox Station, Virginia, for the capture of a Confederate flag.