Teduray or Tiruray is an Austronesian language of the southern Philippines spoken by the Teduray people, in the Datu Blah T. Sinsuat and Upi municipalities (southern Maguindanao del Norte Province), South Upi municipality (western Maguindanao del Sur Province), and Lebak municipality (northwestern Sultan Kudarat Province).
[4][5] The vowels /a, i, e/ have allophones used before the /t, k/, voiced stops, nasals, /l/, and /r/ in closed syllables.
'Verbs of type Verb 2 do not require an objective actant in the case frame.
Examples of the type Verb 3 are enintura 'painted', derived from the noun root fintura 'paint', and melansa 'ironing', derived from the noun root felansa 'flat iron'.
[6] An actant is any constituent which can enter a case relationship with the verb.
Teduray distinguishes six types of actants: agent, object, dative, benefactive, instrument, and locative.
'The object refers to the things or persons affected by the action or state identified by the verb.
'This is the case of the animate being for whom an action chosen by the verb is carried out, or the case of the animate being for whom an object specified in the proposition is intended or reserved.
'The locative indicates the spatial orientation of the action or state identified by the verb.
?ˀiroˀobedmoyouré.N.SGSemayaw i ˀeŋaˀ é dob beˀ ˀiroˀo mo é.jump ??
'This is the case of the animate being directly affected by the action or the state identified by the verb.
'This marks the actant which expresses the object or being which is used as an instrument or means in carrying out the action or state identified by the verb.
'In the basic word order the predicate followed by the series of NPs.
The agentive or objective actant follows immediately after the predicate.
'Both of these forms are grammatical provided this sentence and subject matter.
The Teduray people have adopted words from different places and though not all have been confirmed, according to the Teduray speakers themselves the sources of the loans are Maguindanaon, Chinese, English, Hiligaynon, Spanish, and Tagalog.
One language not listed as a source is Sanskrit through Maguindanaon, but suggested lexical items are perceived as native words by the speakers.