At the time of its construction, the Queensland Colonial Architect responsible for the design of public buildings was F D G Stanley.

It was later settled by pastoralists in search of rich grazing land and by the 1840s, led by the Leslie brothers and John Campbell over twenty stations had been established.

The site now known as Toowoomba was eventually considered to be in a more suitable location for access down the range and in 1852, a town survey was secured.

The new building was much larger than the previous one and of a more imposing design, indicative of the sense of prosperity and permanence felt by the town.

The former court house underwent a restoration, removing the white paint and protecting it instead with a clear silicone.

[1][2] The courthouse was sold in 2000 to Robert and Lorraine Grant for use as a private residence and, with advice from the Queensland Heritage Council, undertook significant work consistent with the building's historic structure.

[1] The Court House building comprises the main section facing Margaret Street which is constructed of sandstone.

Although constructed of a different type of stone, the wing facing Neil Street is similar in design to the main section.

The solid sections between the windows form engaged pilasters with decorative relief carved capitals and simply moulded bases.

A centrally located door with a semi-circular protruding hood is flanked by three deeply recessed arched windows.

[1] The upper section of the wing is rendered and painted with seven evenly spaced rectangular windows, deeply recessed with aluminium frames.

The court room retains many original features including decorative cast iron columns supporting the gallery, timber trusses, cedar joinery and an octagonal light lantern.

Features of interest but not part of the original fabric include 1943 balustrades and stairs which are concrete, natural in colour at the sides and red in the centre.

[1] Toowoomba Court House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.

A precinct of Government buildings is formed by the Court House, the adjacent Toowoomba Post Office and the Police Station in Neil Street.

[1] The Toowoomba Court House is of considerable aesthetic significance due to its landmark qualities and for its high degree of design and workmanship.

[1] The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.