Western Workmen's Co-operative Publishing Company

Targeted to a national female audience rather than a local readership, the weekly Toveritar (established 1911) would soon gain a larger circulation than the more frequently issued Toveri, which went to a daily publication schedule in 1912.

The western regional organ Toveri was absorbed by the long-running Finnish-language radical daily, Työmies (The Worker), published in Superior, Wisconsin, while the national women's paper Toveritar was relaunched there as Työlaisnainen (Working Woman).

The Western Workmen's Co-operative Publishing Company was established in Astoria, Oregon in 1907 by individuals closely associated with the Finnish Socialist Federation to supply radical literature in the Finnish-language to readers throughout the American West.

[2] Astoria's large Finnish population was especially energized by the new project and shares of stock sold there, in the words of one board member, "like glasses of wine in a dry state.

[7] The paper's size fluctuated from 4 to 8 pages, with the rest of the publication's content consisting of local Astoria news, correspondence from various Finnish-American communities in the western region, and advertising.

The paper, which varied in size from 8 to 16 pages, was first edited by former member of the Finnish parliament Maiju Raunio and was targeted to a Finnish-speaking female audience, including not only discussion of radical theory and history but matter concerning family affairs, household economy, and literature by women.

[14] Nuorteva would be succeeded in 1913 by yet another prominent figure in the SSJ, John Viita, who would in turn be replaced by veteran journalist Eemeli Parras, a former member of the staff at both Raivaaja and Työmies.

B. Mäkelä, an assistant editor from 1917 to 1918 who was a well-known humorist both in Finland and the United States and who had been a close associate of utopian socialist Matti Kurikka during his earlier colonization efforts, and Henry Askeli, later head of the Finnish Federation and briefly prominent in the American Communist movement.

[17] The paper continued in production from Superior until June 1978, at which time it was terminated and briefly converted into a section of the Communist Party's faltering Finnish-language weekly, Työmies-Eteenpain.