Local train services at Toyohashi Station are handled by five platforms serving eight tracks.

The Aichi Electric Railway's Toyohashi Line began operations to the Yoshida Station side of the facility on 1 June 1927.

[2] The Toyokawa Railway was nationalized on 1 August 1943, becoming the Iida Line, and the usage of ‘Yoshida Station’ was dropped.

The station was destroyed in the Toyohashi Air Raid of 20 June 1945, during World War II.

[citation needed] With the privatization and dissolution of JNR on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Central.