[3] Trần Phú graduated thành chung (general qualification) in 1922 and in 1925 he joined Hội Phục Việt (later renamed Tân Việt Cách mạng Đảng) in Vinh, Nghệ An.

[4][5] In 1926, he went to Canton (Guangzhou), China, to arrange the merger of his organization with the Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League.

In 1927, he went to the USSR and studied at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East in Moscow.

On 11 October 1929, the court of Nam triều in Nghệ An conducted the trial in absentia of some members of the Indochinese Communist Party; Trần Phú was one of those accused.

He was given the work of editing Theses on the bourgeois revolution of civil rights.