Transport infrastructure within Chad is generally poor, especially in the north and east of the country.
As of 2011 Chad had no railways though two lines are planned - from the capital to the Sudanese and Cameroonian borders during the wet season, especially in the southern half of the country.
In the north, roads are merely tracks across the desert and land mines continue to present a danger.
Draft animals (horses, donkeys and camels) remain important in much of the country.
Two lines were planned to Sudan and Cameroon from the capital, with construction expected to start in 2012.
Chad's main routes to the sea are:[citation needed] In colonial times, the main access was by road to Bangui, in the Central African Republic, then by river boat to Brazzaville, and onwards by rail from Brazzaville to Pointe Noire, on Congo's Atlantic coast.