Highways link Moldova's main cities and provide the chief means of transportation within the country, but roads are in poor repair.
However, substantial investments was made in building new railway lines since 2003, with the goal of connecting Chișinău to southern Moldova and eventually to the Giurgiulești oil terminal.
International passenger trains run to Bucharest, Kyiv, Minsk and used to travel to Saint Petersburg and Moscow.
In 2022/23 major investment, supported by the EU, is being undertaken to renovate rail lines to provide freight facilities for Ukraine to connect with Constanța to export grain and import fuel.
Starting with the Ungheni, on the border with Romania, to Chisinau, by laying a new line alongside the existing 1520mm track, to avoid disruption.
The harbor was opened in 2006 and occupies the entire Moldovan stretch of the river (less than 600 m or 1,969 ft), with a mixed-gauge rail loading/unloading facilities.