Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee sent a total of nineteen athletes to the Games, ten men and nine women, to compete only in track and field (the largest by sport), shooting, swimming, and taekwondo, which made its Olympic debut; the nation's team size was relatively similar to the record in Sydney four years earlier.

Eight athletes from the Trinidad and Tobago team had previously competed in Sydney, including swimmer and double Pan American Games champion George Bovell, sprinters Ato Modibo, who later married to Caymanian athlete Cydonie Mothersille, and Ato Boldon, who became the most decorated athlete for Trinidad and Tobago with a staggering record of four Olympic medals.

Because of his repeated successes and being the most sophisticated athlete of the team as a four-time Olympian, Boldon reprised his role to carry the Trinidad and Tobago flag in the opening ceremony for the second time.

[1][2] Trinidad and Tobago left Athens with a remarkable historic milestone from George Bovell, being the nation's first ever swimmer to win an Olympic bronze medal in the men's 200 m individual medley.

[5][6] One Trinidad and Tobago shooter qualified to compete in the following events: Trinidad and Tobago swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard time, and 1 at the B-standard time): Trinidad and Tobago has qualified a single taekwondo jin through the North and South American Qualification Tournament.