Ultra-low volume

[1] Although often designed for non-evaporative (e.g. oil-based) formulations, ULV equipment may sometimes be adapted for use with water, often at Very Low volume (VLV: 5-20 L/ha) VAR.

A major benefit of ULV application is high work rate (i.e. many hectares can be treated in one day).

It is a good option if all (or some) of these conditions apply: ULV equipment is designed to produce very small droplets, thus ensuring even coverage with low volumes.

The equipment is based on aerosol, air-shear (mistblowers, exhaust gas sprayers) or better still, rotary nozzle techniques.

[3] An electrostatic charge may be applied to the droplets to aid their distribution and impaction (on earthed targets), but commercial equipment is rare at present.

[5] Ultra low volume fogging machines consists of a blower, a formulation-holding tank and in some equipment a pump.

The most common diseases that these trees are prone to suffer from includes Cercospora spot, anthracnose and stem-end rot.

The use of ULV machines for the application of the pesticide formulation yielded more than 80 percent healthy fruit that was free from Cercospora spot.

In these cases, ULV fogging machines are placed in strategic locations throughout a facility prior to the first cleaning phases.

This allows the ambient air to be free of dust contamination ensuring the cleaning of the fogged room is more effectively done.

It is also prudent to enclose all electrical sockets and switches with water resistant material such as plastic bags and tape.