Numerals in Unicode

Hexadecimal digits in Unicode are not separate characters; existing letters and numbers are used.

Unicode includes the Western Arabic numerals in the Basic Latin (or ASCII derived) block.

The digits are repeated in several other scripts: Eastern Arabic, Balinese, Bengali, Devanagari, Ethiopic, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Telugu, Khmer, Lao, Limbu, Malayalam, Mongolian, Myanmar, New Tai Lue, Nko, Oriya, Telugu, Thai, Tibetan, Osmanya.

Unicode includes a numeric value property for each digit to assist in collation and other text processing operations.

This was intended to instruct font rendering to make the surrounding digits smaller and raise them on the left and lower them on the right, but this is rarely implemented.

Unicode also includes a handful of vulgar fractions as compatibility characters, but discourages their use.

For example, although Unicode includes a character for natural exponent ℯ (U+212F) its UCS canonical name derives from its glyph: U+212F ℯ SCRIPT SMALL E; and the mathematical constant π, 3.141592.., is represented by U+03C0 π GREEK SMALL LETTER PI.

The Western Arabic numerals also appear among the compatibility characters as rich text variant forms including bold, double-struck, monospace, sans-serif and sans-serif bold, along with fullwidth variants for legacy vertical text support.

Nowadays, the huāmǎ system is only used for displaying prices in Chinese markets or on traditional handwritten invoices.

Unicode provides support for several variants of Greek numerals, assigned to the Supplementary Multilingual Plane from U+10140 through U+1018F.

Roman numerals are commonly used today in numbered lists (in outline format), clockfaces, pages preceding the main body of a book, chord triads in music analysis (Roman numeral analysis), the numbering of movie and video game sequels, book publication dates, successive political leaders or children with identical names, and the numbering of some sport events, such as the Olympic Games or the Super Bowl.

This range includes both upper- and lowercase numerals, as well as pre-combined characters for numbers up to 12 (Ⅻ or XII).

Counting rod numerals are included in their own block in the Supplementary Multilingual Plane (SMP) as of Unicode 5.0.