[1] Located in the eastern part of the county, it borders the following townships:[2] It lies east of the county seat of Goodland.
[3] Several intermittent headwaters of Sappa Creek flow through Union Township.
[3] Interstate 70 and U.S. Route 24 run concurrently east–west through Union Township.
A railroad line also travels east–west through Union Township, just north of the interstate.
[3] Union Township is currently inactive;[4] by Kansas law, when a township becomes inactive, its powers and duties revert to the county government.