The United States critical materials list is a designation of materials or minerals considered essential for the economic or national security of the United States, where there is a high risk of supply chain disruption.
In the U.S., critical minerals that are at risk of shortage or supply chain disruption are assessed by the United States Geological Survey and by the National Science and Technology Council.
[1][2][3][4] The "Final 2023 Critical Materials List" was determined by the United States Department of Energy (DOE),[5] with the Undersecretary for Science and Innovation involvement.
This list incorporates materials deemed critical for energy applications and minerals from the 2022 final list designated by the Department of the Interior through the United States Geological Survey (USGS).
Notably, uranium is excluded from this list as per Section 7002(a) of the Energy Act of 2020,[9] which restricts the list to non-fuel materials, as uranium is classified as a fuel material when used in commercial nuclear reactors.