Uruguay competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004.

The Uruguayan Olympic Committee (Spanish: Comité Olímpico Uruguayo, COU) sent a total of 15 athletes to the Games, 13 men and 2 women, to compete in 6 different sports.

Four athletes from the Uruguayan team had previously competed in Sydney, including track cyclist Milton Wynants, who won the bronze in the men's points race, and backstroke swimmer Serrana Fernández, who later carried the nation's flag in the opening ceremony.

[1][2] Following Wynants' blistering finish in men's track cycling from Sydney four years earlier, Uruguay, however, failed to win a single Olympic medal in Athens.

M = Medal race; OCS = On course side of the starting line; DSQ = Disqualified; DNF = Did not finish; DNS= Did not start; RDG = Redress given Uruguayan swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard time, and 1 at the B-standard time):