Akhundov served as the Chairman of the Council of Ministers for a period of one year and was eventually appointed the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR, a position he held until 1969 when he was replaced by Heydar Aliyev.

In addition to water supply, he paid much attention to the problem of rural hygiene, soil hygiene, including in connection with the use of mineral fertilizers, bacterial contamination of dwellings, problems of infectious pathology due to the sanitary condition of rural settlements in 1960-70.

The distinctive features of scientific works of V.Y.Akhundov are their indispensable, organic connection with life and actual problems of practical public health.

[5] Akhundov is credited in Azerbaijan for rebuffing the Armenian claims for Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast in 1965 while he was in office.

[6] After the end of political career, Akhundov served as the Vice President of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences until 1972.