The highway runs 4.333 miles (6.973 km) from VT 100 north to VT 105 within Troy in northwestern Orleans County.

The two-lane highway heads north between the western town line and the Missisquoi River to the east.

Near its northern end, the highway crosses Jay Branch and intersects Vielleux Road, which leads to the River Road Covered Bridge.

VT 101 ends at a T-intersection with VT 105, which heads west toward Richford and north toward the incorporated village of North Troy.

The entire route is in Troy, Orleans County.