Ward heeler

Often, ward heelers have been low-level operatives soliciting votes and performing campaign tasks on behalf of a political boss, including get-out-the-vote efforts, placing campaign signage, coordination of constituent support, etc.

In many urban areas, ward heelers also serve as precinct captains.

The term originated during the period of machine politics around the turn of the 20th century, when powerful political machines in major cities run by political bosses, such as the Tammany Hall organization in New York City, used corruption, such as graft and patronage to maintain their power.

As integral players in the "spoils system", ward heelers were often both recipients and distributors of patronage, illegal benefits from the political machine.

Examples of illegal acts which a ward heeler might do include tearing down an opposition party's posters or paying constituents for their votes.