[8] Some of the militia regiments, such as the 51st, and some members of 39th, broke and ran under fire, but the 5th and 27th held their ground and were able to retreat in reasonably good order having inflicted significant casualties on the advancing enemy.

[9]On April 19, 1861, during the start of the American Civil War, Baltimore was disrupted by riots, during which Southern sympathizers attacked Union troops passing through the city by rail.

Steuart himself was strongly sympathetic to the Confederacy and, perhaps knowing this, Governor Hicks did not call out the militia to suppress the riots.

[14] On May 13, 1861 Union troops occupied the state, restoring order and preventing a vote in favor of Southern secession.

Steuart moved south for the duration of the Civil War, and much of the general's property was confiscated by the Federal Government as a consequence.