The land of their new reservation, totaling 100,137 acres (40,524 ha), was partially wooded but mostly tallgrass prairie in the southernmost extension of the Flint Hills.

[3][4] A location at the junction of the Arkansas River and Beaver Creek was selected as the site of the headquarters, called the Kaw Agency, for the reservation.

Within a few years, the headquarters area had a grist and sawmill, a school house with a dormitory for students, a barn, a post office, and a home for the superintendent of the reservation.

Among the allottees was Charles Curtis, a future Vice President of the United States and a mixed blood Kaw, who received a homestead allocation of 250 acres (100 ha) about one mile north of Washunga.

[7] In the early 1900s, the community of Washunga had grocery stores, service stations, a jail, a pool hall, several other businesses, and a city government.

Kaw City, about one mile distant and on the opposite bank of the Arkansas River, grew as Washunga faltered.