Three locations in the township, Bridge in West Fallowfield Township, Mercer's Mill Covered Bridge, and Joseph and Esther Phillips Plantation are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

[3] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 18.1 square miles (47 km2), all land.

As of the 2010 census, the township was 89.7% non-Hispanic White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.9% Asian, and 1.6% were two or more races.

PA 10 follows Limestone Road along a north-south alignment across the southeastern corner of the township.

PA 41 follows Gap Newport Pike along a northwest-southeast alignment across the northern and eastern parts of the township.