The western terminus of the route is at the Kentucky state line in Fort Gay, where WV 37 becomes Kentucky Route 3 Spur upon crossing the Tug Fork.

The eastern terminus is at West Virginia Route 10 one mile (1.6 km) south of Ranger.

A large portion of WV 37 was relocated in eastern Wayne County about 1970 as a result of the construction of East Lynn Lake, which flooded the route's former path along East Fork Twelvepole Creek.

The highway was relocated up a series of side valleys from just downstream of the dam to near Kiahsville.

[2] East of Kiahsville, the road was moved to a higher elevation out of the lake's floodplain.