William Gilman Thompson (December 26, 1856 - October 27, 1927) was an American physician, dietitian and medical writer.

Gilman attended Yale Sheffield Scientific School, receiving a Ph.

He would also receive training at Humboldt University of Berlin and King's College Hospital, London.

He was a founder and president of the New York Clinic for the Functional Re-education of Disabled Soldiers, Sailors, and Civilians[1] (later renamed Reconstruction Hospital, which then merged with N.Y.U.

Thompson was also appointed the consultant in industrial hygiene for the Public Health Service and served as a member of the Council of National Defense, chairman of Industrial Hygiene Division of New York State Labor Department,[2] a trustee of the New York Academy of Medicine, serving as its vice-president from 1904 to 1907.